Bureaucracy: Intermediate Spanish vocabulary

6 Spanish words about bureaucracy at intermediate level. Each entry links to the full meaning, a real example sentence, and usage notes written for English speakers.

• rellenarverbto fill in / complete a form; Peninsular standard
• firmarverbto sign
• tramitarverbto process
• certificarverbto certify, to authenticate
• trámitenounadministrative step or procedure
• expedientenounofficial file / dossier held by an institution; expediente académico = academic transcript; expediente disciplinario = disciplinary proceedings