descomponerse
verbCEFR B2
What does “descomponerse” mean in English?
to decompose, to rot
to decompose, to rot (physical organic breakdown; residuos / materia orgánica se descomponen)
Example sentences
Los residuos orgánicos se descomponen con mayor rapidez cuando se aplican las técnicas de compostaje adecuadas.
Organic waste decomposes more quickly when appropriate composting techniques are applied.
En un clima cálido y húmedo, los alimentos se descomponen en pocas horas si no se conservan correctamente.
In a warm and humid climate, food decomposes within hours if it is not properly preserved.
Los investigadores estudian cómo se descomponen los microplásticos en el medio marino.
Researchers are studying how microplastics decompose in the marine environment.
How to use it
Descomponerse means 'to decompose', 'to rot', or 'to break down organically' — the physical process by which organic matter breaks down. Always reflexive. Common subjects: residuos orgánicos, materia, un cadáver. Note the distinction from decaer (quality deterioration) and pudrirse (rot, more graphic/colloquial).
Common mistake
Descomponerse also means 'to break down/malfunction' (a car engine, a machine), so context is essential. The organic/rot sense applies to food, organic matter, and biology. Don't use descomponerse metaphorically for institutional or quality decline — that is decaer or deteriorarse.