Economics: Upper-intermediate Spanish vocabulary

48 Spanish words about economics at upper-intermediate level. Each entry links to the full meaning, a real example sentence, and usage notes written for English speakers.

• desarrollonoundevelopment
• recursonounresource, means
• recursosnounresources, assets
• costenouncost, toll — the amount of money or suffering required or caused
• tasanounrate, ratio — a measure of how often something occurs; also a levy or fee
• tendencianountendency — an inclination towards a particular characteristic or behaviour
• riquezanounwealth, riches — an abundance of valuable resources or material possessions
• crisisnouncrisis — a critical turning point or period of acute difficulty
• estabilidadnounstability, equilibrium
• aprovecharverbto take advantage of, to make use of
• variacionnounvariation, fluctuation — a change or difference in level or value
• bordenounverge, edge — the edge or margin of something; on the verge of
• utilidadnounutility, usefulness — the state of being useful or profitable
• desigualdadnouninequality, disparity
• maderanountimber, wood — wood as a building material; the trees yielding such wood
• apuestanounstake, bet — a thing at risk; also a strategic commitment
• subsidionounsubsidy, benefit
• stocknounstock, inventory — a supply of goods available for use or sale
• apetitonounappetite, eagerness
• chipnounchip, microchip
• ciclonouncycle — a recurring sequence of events or a defined period
• financieroadjectivefinancial
• derivarverbto derive from, to stem from
• déficitnoundeficit, shortfall
• depósitonoundeposit/reserve —
• prosperarverbto flourish, to thrive
• derrumbarseverbto crash, to collapse
• cambianteadjectivechanging, shifting — constantly in flux or transformation
• ahogarverbto stifle, to suppress
• sustentarseverbto be sustained, to be underpinned
• fluctuarverbto fluctuate, to vary irregularly
• estancamientonounstagnation
• volátiladjectivevolatile
• ingresosnounincome, earnings
• economíanouneconomy
• empleadornounemployer — the person or organisation that hires and pays workers
• ecuaciónnounequation
• intercambionounexchange, transfer
• gastonounexpenditure, spending
• finanzasnounfinance, finances — the management of money and financial affairs; the financial sector
• previsiónnounforecast, projection
• duplicarverbto make something twice as large, numerous or great; to double a quantity
• elásticoadjectiveelastic — able to stretch and return; figuratively: flexible/responsive
• estableadjectivestable — not likely to change or fail; firmly established
• peajenountoll, toll fee
• reservasnounreserves, stock — a supply of something kept for future use; also: 'tener reservas
• valenounvoucher, token — a document entitling the holder to a discount or benefit; 'canjear un vale'; not the interjection 'vale'
• variaciónnounvariation — a measurable deviation from a norm; 'variación estacional/de precio'; more quantitative than 'cambio'